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Volumes and Chapters This new translation of Josephus retains the chapters into which his text was divided by William Whiston, but his chapter titles are considerably modified, the better describe their contents. Within the text, the smaller numbers correspond to the verse numbering in Benedikt Niese's editio major (critical edition of the Greek text, 1885-1895.) This listing of chapters provides a convenient summary of what is described by Josephus in his histories. A click on any chapter should download the relevant volume in which it appears. The War
of the Jews against the Romans The Antiquities
of the Jews Against
Apion (apologia for the Jews) Autobiography |
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The War of the Jews, Vol. 1 00. [1-30] Preface : The aim of this work 1. [31-47] The Jews, persecuted by Antiochus Epiphanes, are liberated by the Maccabees 2. [48-69] The successors of Judah Maccabeus: Jonathan, Simon and John Hyrcanus 3. [70-84] Aristobulus, son of Hyrcanus, becomes king. Kills his brother Antigonus and dies 4. [85-106] The twenty-seven year reign of Alexander Janneus 5. [107-119] The Pharisees' dominance, during the nine-year reign of Alexandra 6. [120-140] Monarchy of Aristobulus, then Hyrcanus. Pompey comes to Judea as Arbitrator 7. [141-158] Pompey enters Jerusalem & the Holy of Holies. His other offences in Judea 8. [159-182] Alexander tries in vain to set aside Pompey's dispositions in Palestine. 9. [183-194] Aristobulus and Alexander are murdered. Antipater cultivates Caesar's friendship 10. [195-217] Antipater, procurator of Judea by Caesar, appoints Phasael and Herod to power 11. [218-235] Cassius makes Herod ruler of Syria. Antipater's murder is avenged by Herod 12. [236-247] Phasael and Herod are made tetrarchs by Mark Antony, despite a Jewish deputation 13. [248-273] Parthians restore Antigonus. Hyrcanus is mutilated, and Herod's brother killed 14. [274-285] Herod goes for help to Antony and Caesar. Roman senate makes him king of Judea 15. [286-302] War between Herod and Antigonus; Herod relieves Masada and besieges Jerusalem 16. [303-322] Herod rids Galilee of brigands; goes to Antony for further support 17. [323-346] Herod's Good Fortune in War. His marriage to Mariamne 18. [347-363] Herod captures Jerusalem; death of Antigonus. He appeases the greed of Cleopatra 19. [364-385] Cleopatra has Herod sent to fight the Arabs. Herod wins with difficulty 20. [386-400] Caesar Augustus confirms Herod as king. He restores what Cleopatra had taken 21. [401-430] Herod the builder: Temple and Fortress. Herod's Generosity and Virtues 22. [431-444] Herod's domestic troubles & murder. Mariamne is accused and condemned 23. [445-466] Mariamne's sons fall under suspicion. Caesar reconciles them with Herod 24. [467-497] Rancour between Herod's sons. Antipater has the others accused of treason 25. [498-512] Herod's son Archelaus reconciles him with Alexander and Pheroras 26. [513-533] Eurycles the Spartan accuses Mariamne's sons. Their unavailing defence 27. [534-551] Mariamne's sons are condemned. Herod executes Aristobulus and Alexander 28. [552-566] Antipater hated by all; interferes in marriages. Herod's domestic arrangements 29. [567-581] Antipater sent to Rome, with Herod's testament. Pheroras refuses to leave his wife 30. [582-600] Herod's Suspicion of Antipater grows. Many are tortured; young Herod disinherited 31. [601-619] Antipater returns from Rome to Judea, not knowing of the accusations against him 32. [620-646] Antipater is accused of plotting against Herod. His Trial, and Herod's Testament 33. [647-673] Herod's final barbarities. Plans a massacre to coincide with his death The War of the Jews, Vol. 2 1. [1-13] Archelaus succeeds Herod and promises reform. Kills many protesters in the Temple2. [14-38] Archelaus is accused before Caesar by Antipater, but is well defended by Nicolaus 3. [39-54] Sabinus calls Varus to help quell the rebellion. The rebels besiege him in Jerusalem 4. [55-85] Herod's veteran soldiers rebel. Simon and Athrongeus usurp the name of king 5. [66-79] Varus crucifies about two thousand of the rebels in Judea 6. [80-100] Augustus rules against Jewish complaints, Herod's inheritance distributed to his sons 7. [101-116] An imposter claims to be Alexander. Archelaus is banished and Glaphyra dies 8. [117-166] Judah and his Galilean Rebels. Lifestyle of the Essenes 9. [167-183] Pilate causes Riots. Tiberius imprisons Agrippa; Gaius frees him. Antipas is banished 10. [184-203] Gaius wants his statue set up in the Temple. Petronius protests, and survives 11. [204-222] The reign of Claudius and the reign of Agrippa. Descendants of the Herods 12. [223-249] Riots under Cumanus, settled by Quadratus. Felix is procurator of Judea 13. [250-270] Nero adds to Agrippa's kingdom. Murders by the Sicarii. Jews killed in Caesarea 14. [271-308] Succession of Procurators: Felix, Festus, Albinus, Florus. Jews driven to revolt 15. [309-332] Bernice's petition to Florus, to spare the Jews. He kindles the flames of war 16. [333-404] Cestius sends tribune to report on Judea. Agrippa: "Don't Rebel Against Rome" 17. [405-456] How the war began; Masada and Jerusalem. Eleazar's act of treachery 18. [457-512] Slaughter of the Jews in Caesarea. Pogrom against them in other cities 19. [513-555] Cestius' ill-judged siege of Jerusalem. He retreats with severe losses 20. [556-584] The Jews prepare to defend themselves. Josephus takes command in Galilee 21. [585-646] Josephus, now a Jewish military leader in Galilee, regains cities from revolted 22. [647-654] Simon the brigand starts to plunder. High Priest Ananus seeks peace, in vain
The War of the Jews, Vol.3 1. [1-8] Vespasian is sent by Nero to Judea, to quell the rebellion2. [9-34] Slaughter about Ascalon. Vespasian comes to Ptolemais 3. [35-58] Description of the Land of Israel: Galilee, Samaria and Judea 4. [59-69] Josephus fails at Sepphoris. Titus comes with to Ptolemais 5. [70-109] Logistics and discipline of the Roman Army 6. [110-131] Placidus fails to take Jotapata. Vespasian's march into Galilee 7. [132-339] Vespasian marches on Jotapata, and after a long siege captures it 8. [340-408] Josephus surrenders. Makes his prediction about Vespasian. His life is spared 9. [409-461] Roman Garrisons in Joppa and Tiberias. Winter-quarters in Caesarea & Scythopolis 10. [462-542] Fall of Tarichea. The Jordan & Gennesareth region. Titus' speech to his troops The War of the Jews, Vol.4 1. [1-83] Siege and capture of Gamala. Vespasian's military prudence and good order2. [84-120] Surrender of Gischala to the Romans. John tricks Titus and escapes to Jerusalem 3. [121-223] Zealot John fools High Priest Ananus. Jews fight it out, in Jerusalem 4. [224-304] The Idumeans are kept out of Jerusalem. Their Zealot allies admit them to the city 5. [305-352] The Idumeans' intervention in the Temple. They slaughter the priests, and go home 6. [353-388] The Zealots kill many more of the citizens. Vespasian calms his Romans troops 7. [389-439] Tyranny of John. Misdeeds of the Zealots at Masada. Vespasian takes Gadara 8. [440-485] Commotions in Gaul; hurry to end the Jewish War. Jericho and the Dead Sea 9. [486-584] On Nero's death, Vespasian changes plan. Simon of Gerasa enters Jerusalem 10. [585-629] Vespasian acclaimed emperor by his soldiers. Releases Josephus from slavery 11. [630-663] Vitellius dies and Vespasian hurries to Rome. Titus his son returns to Jerusalem The War of the Jews, Vol.5 1. [1-46] Warring Factions in Jerusalem. The misery they caused the city2. [47-97] The Romans march to Jerusalem. Titus heroically rallies his troops 3. [98-135] The Jews set traps for the Romans. Titus warns his soldiers against rashness 4. [136-183] The description of Jerusalem, before its destruction 5. [184-247] Glowing description of the Jerusalem Temple 6. [248-290] The tyranny of Simon and John. Titus tightens the siege 7. [291-330] The Romans offers terms of surrender. Titus is fooled by the ruse of Castor the Jew 8. [331-347] They take the second wall and get all ready for the third and final one 9. [348-419] Titus eases, then tightens the Siege. Josephus and the offer of a Truce 10. [420-445] Many try to desert to the Romans, driven by famine 11. [446-490] Escapees crucified before the walls of the city. The Jews tear down the siege-bank 12. [491-526] Titus encircles the city with a wall. After this famine destroys the people 13. [527-572] Inter-Jewish slaughter in Jerusalem. Josephus is stoned, but not killed The War of the Jews, Vol.6 1. [1-92] Desperation in the city. Titus' Speech, on Military Glory2. [93-176] Josephus calls in vain, for a surrender. The Legions surround the Temple 3. [177-219] Jewish trap burns many Roman soldiers; Desperation and Famine in the City 4. [220-270] The Romans burn the Temple Gates. Against Titus' wishes, the Sanctuary is burned 5. [271-315] Jews' distress at the burning of the Temple. Portents preceding the destruction 6. [316-357] Roman ensigns brought into the Temple. Titus' speech to the Jews 7. [358-373] Many of the rebels are slaughtered. How Caesar became master of the upper city 8. [374-408] Titus gains possession of the whole city 9. [409-434] The number of the fallen and the captured. Escapees, including Simon and John 10. [435-442] The second devastation of Jerusalem. Aftermath: summary of its tragic history The War of the Jews, Vol. 7 1. [1-20] Jerusalem destroyed, except for three towers. Titus rewards his soldiers for their valour2. [21-36] Titus holds games in Caesarea Philippi. Simon is captured, and reserved for the Triumph 3. [37-62] Titus has captives killed, on Domitian's birthday. Danger for the Jews in Antioch 4. [63-95] Vespasian's Welcome in Rome. The Germans and Sarmatians Rebel 5. [96-162] Titus Journeys through Syria. The Triumph celebrated in Rome 6. [164-218] How Lucilius Bassus took Machaerus and other places 7. [219-251] Disaster befalls the king of Commagene. The Alans harm the Medes and Armenians 8. [252-319] Masada is besieged by Silva 8a. [320-388] Eleazar's speeches to the besieged in Masada, on immortality 9. [389-406] The defenders of Masada commit mass suicide. The Romans enter a silent citadel 10. [407-436] Many Sicarii flee to Alexandria. They endanger the Jews there, and their temple 11. [437-455] Jonathan and Catullus still stir up trouble. End of this story of the Jewish War
1. [27-51] The Constitution of the World, and the First Parents 2. [52-71] Generations from Adam to Noah 3. [72-108] Noah's Ark. Settlement on the Plains of Shinar 4. [109-119] Tower of Babel and Division of Languages 5. [120-121] Noah's progeny spread out over the earth 6. [122-153] Nations gave names to their countries 7. [154-160] Abram goes to the land of Canaan. His religious belief: monotheism 8. [161-170] Abram goes down to Egypt. Returns to Canaan and divides the land with Lot 9. [171-175] Destruction of the men of Sodom 10. [176-193] Abram saves Lot, and Melchisedek blesses him. Rivalry between Sarah and Hagar 11. [194-206] The men of Sodom are punished for their sins 12. [207-221] King Abimelech is warned not to covet Sarah. Ishmael is born to Hagar 13. [222-236] Abraham and the Sacrifice of Isaac. God's promise is confirmed 14. [237] The death of Sarah, wife of Abraham 15. [238-241] By Keturah, Abraham fathers the nation of Troglodytes 16. [242-255] Isaac marries Rebecca 17. [256] The death of Abraham 18. [257-277] Esau and Jacob: their birth and the birthright 19. [278-324] Jacob flees from Esau, works for Laban, marries Leah and Rachel 20. [325-336] Reconciliation of Jacob and Esau 21. [337-344] Dinah is raped by Shechemites. Her brothers take bloody revenge 22. [345-346] Isaac's death. His Burial in Hebron
1. [1-6] The Peaceful separation of Esau and Jacob 3. [20-38] Joseph's Coat & his Brothers' Envy. Sold as a Slave, he Prospers in Egypt 4. [39-59] Joseph's Loyalty & Chastity. His appeal to Potiphar's wife 5. [60-90] Joseph's time in prison. Released, he interprets Pharao's dreams 6. [91-167] Joseph's brothers come to Egypt for food. He tricks them, then reveals himself 7. [168-193] Jacob and family go down to Egypt, to escape a famine 8. [194-200] Deaths of Jacob and Joseph, in Egypt 9. [201-237] Plight of the Hebrews in Egypt. Moses' childhood in Pharao's family 10. [238-253] How Moses made war with the Ethiopians 11. [254-263] Moses flees from Egypt into Midian 12. [264-276] The Vision at the Burning Bush. Miracles against Pharao 13. [277-292] Moses and Aaron return into Egypt, to confront Pharaoh 14. [293-314] The ten plagues which came upon the Egyptians 15. [315-333] How the Hebrews under Moses' guidance left Egypt 16. [334-349] The sea parts for Moses, and destroys the pursuing Egyptians
Antiquities, vol. 31. [1-38] The Journey to Mount Sinai, amid many difficulties 2. [39-62] Israel defeats the Amalekites and other enemy nations 3. [63-65] Raguel, Moses' father-in-law, visits him at Mount Sinai 4. [66-74] Moses accepts Raguel's advice, on organising the people 5. [75-101] Moses ascends Mount Sinai to receive the Divine Torah 6. [102-150] Moses builds a tent for God's honour, forerunner of the Temple; its furnishings 7. [151-187] The priestly vestments and the high priest's mitre 8. [188-223] Aaron and sons as priests. Moses receives God's laws, in the Tent of Meeting 10. [237-257] The festivals, their dates, and how they must be observed 11. [258-273] Purification laws for Levites, cleanliness laws, lepers, purification of women, etc 12. [274-294] Laws against adultery and incest; priestly purity; musical innovations of Moses 13. [295-299] Journey from Mount Sinai to the borders of Canaan 14. [300-310] Hebrew spies report on the Canaanites. The people want to return to Egypt 15. [311-322] For their sin, the people must wander for forty years before entering Canaan
1. [1-10] The Hebrews fight the Canaanites against Moses' advice, but are defeated 2. [11-34] Korah strives against Moses about the priesthood 3. [35-58] God punishes the rebels with death. Aaron retains the priesthood 4. [59-84] 38 years Wandering in the Wilderness 5. [85-99] Moses defeats Sihon and Og, kings of the Amorites, & divides their land by lot 6. [100-158] Balaam the Moabite is inspired to bless the Israelites 7. [159-175] How the Hebrews overcame the Midianites 8. [176-319] Moses' Final Dispositions, overlooking Canaan.
1a [1-119] Joshua Crosses the Jordan and captures Jericho 2. [120-174] After Joshua's death, great transgressions. The people suffer severe penalties 3. [175-184] Israel under harsh Assyrian rule. Saved by God, through Othniel 4. [185-197] Under the Moabite Rule for 18 years. Saved by Ehud, who reigned for 80 years 5. [198-208] Rescued by Barak and Deborah, from Canaanite rule 6. [210-232] Rescued by Gideon, from the Midianites 7. [233-274] Other Judges: Abimelech, Jephtha, Jair and Abdon 8. [275-317] Samson & Philistines. Deceived by Delilah. Dying in Gaza, he has his revenge 9. [318-337] The story of Ruth and Boaz, ancestors of king David 10. [338-351] Samuel's childhood. Disaster befalls Eli's sons 11. [352-362] Defection of Eli's sons. The Philistines capture the Ark. Eli's Death
1. [1-18] Destruction of the Philistines, for taking the Ark. Its return to the Hebrews 2. [19-30] Under Samuel, the Hebrews defeat the Philistines 3. [31-44] Samuel's sons go wrong; the people call for a king. Warning against monarchy 4. [45-67] Samuel appoints Saul as king of Israel, by God's command 5. [68-94] Saul defeats the Ammonites and takes their spoils 6. [95-130] Saul's successful attack on the Philistines 7. [131-155] Saul is told to wipe out the Amalekites 8. [156-169] Prophet Samuel anoints David as king, to replace Saul 9. [170-192] David kills Goliath the Philistine, in single combat 10. [193-204] Saul promises David his daughter Michal, on a dangerous condition 11. [205-241] With Michal's and Jonathan's help, David escapes from Saul's plotting 12. [242-270] David flees to the Philistines. Saul takes vengeance on Ahimelech 13. [271-324] David spares king Saul, when he could kill him. The death of Samuel 14. [325-378] Saul and the witch of Endor. Samuel's ghost. Death of Saul at Mount Gilboa
1. [1-45] David's rule begins in Hebron. In the civil war, Asahel and Abner are killed 2. [46-60] After the murder of Ishbosheth, David becomes the undisputed king 3. [61-70] David takes Jerusalem from the Jebusites, to make it his capital 4. [71-95] David recaptures the Ark from the Philistines. He makes plans to build a Temple 5. [96-116] David's victories. His mercy towards the house of Saul 6. [117-129] Successful conclusion to the Ammonite War 7. [130-161] David's Adultery with Bathsheba. Uriah's Murder condemned by Prophet Nathan 8. [162-183] Absalom kills Amnon for raping Tamar. He is banished, then recalled by David 9. [194-231] Absalom & Ahithophel's rebellion against David 10. [232-257] Joab catches up with Absalom, and kills him, to David's sorrow 11. [258-293] David's clemency towards Shimei and Ziba. Amasa is killed by Joab 12. [294-317] Famine averted, when the Gibeonites' vengeance is satisfied. David's prosperity 13. [318-334] The pride of David's census brings divine anger on the people 14. [335-382] David's preparations for the Temple. He appoints Solomon as successor 15. [383-394] David's parting advice to his son Solomon
1. [1-20] Solomon's Purge: getting rid of his rivals and enemies 2. [21-60] Solomon's wife; wisdom and riches. Materials from king Hiram, for the planned Temple 3. [61-98] The building of the temple, and its magnificence 4. [99-129] The Ark is moved into the Temple. Solomon's prayer for wisdom, and his sacrifice 5. [130-149] Solomon's magnificent palace; his resolving of riddles 6. [150-175] Solomon fortifies Jerusalem; builds other cities. Visited by an African Queen 7. [176-210] Solomon's love of foreign women. The beginning of troubles against him 8. [212-235] After Solomon, ten of the tribes rebel. Jeroboam sets up the northern kingdom 9. [236-245] Lying prophets make foolish claims. King Jeroboam is alienated from God 10. [246-250] Rehoboam is besieged in Jerusalem, by Shishak of Egypt 11. [266-289] Violent succession in the northern kingdom. Jeroboam's family is destroyed 12. [290-315] King Asa's battles. He is succeeded by Zimri, then Ahab 13. [316-362] Contest on Carmel. Naboth's vineyard; Elijah & Elisha 14. [363-392] Hadad of Damascus is defeated by king Ahab 15. [393-420] Ahab and Jehoshaphat war against the Syrians. Ahab's death in battle
1. [1-17] Jehoshaphat appoints judges, and overcomes Israel's enemies 2. [18-28] Ahaziah's wicked rule in Israel. His death is foretold by Elijah 3. [29-44] The kings of Israel (Joram) and of Judah (Jehoshaphat) makel war on Moab 4. [45-94] Kings Jehoram and Joram fight the Syrians. Miracles of the prophet Elisha 5. [95-104] King Jehoram & Athaliah. Apostasy and defeat. Ahaz succeeds him in Jerusalem 6. [105-139] Violent reformer king Jehu of Israe kills queen Jezabel and the children of Ahab 7. [140-158] Athaliah tries to blot out David's line. Joash becomes king after her death 8. [159-185] North invaded by Hazael of Syria. Apostasy of Jehoash. Amaziah rules after him 9. [186-204] King Amaziah of Judah, his victories, pride and punishment 10. [205-227] Jeroboam of Israel & Jonah the prophet. Uzziah punished for usurping priest's role 11. [228-242] Regnal squabbles in Israel; Tiglath Pelesher invades. Nahum's prophecy 12. [243-257] Ahaz's impiety. Jerusalem besieged by the Syrians. Saved by the Assyrians 13. [258-276] Murder of King Pekah of Israel. Good king Hezekiah, helped by Isaiah 14. [277-291] The Assyrians exile the Samaritans, replacing them with Cutheans
1. [1-23] Sennacherib's invasion. Isaiah encourages Hezekiah to resist, with the help of God 2. [24-35] Through Isaiah, King Hezekiah miraculously recovers and has extra years of life 3. [36-46] Wicked king Manasseh is converted in captivity. Succeeded by his son, Amon 4. [47-73] Amon is followed by Josiah. Josiah's Reform, with the prophetess Huldah 5. [74-83] Josiah's war with Egypt, and Exile of his Son. Ministry of Jeremiah and Ezekiel 6. [84-98] Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon invades Judea. He brings the nobles into Exile in Babylon 7. [99-130] Nebuchadnezzar hardens his attitude against Jerusalem. Jeremiah predicts disaster 8. [131-154] Jerusalem & Temple destroyed. Jews to Babylon, as foretold by prophets 9. [155-185] Ruler Gedaliah is killed. Reprisals against the Jews who had fled to Egypt 10. [186-218] Daniel and Nebuchadnezzar's Dream: God's fidelity to His people, in the exile 11. [219-281] Persian rule ends the Babylonian Exile. Daniel in Media, a Proof of Providence
1. [1-18] Cyrus of Persia frees the Jews from Babylon. Gives them money to rebuild their Temple 2. [19-30] On Cyrus' death, the rebuilding halts. Progress is blocked by Cambyses and others 3. [31-74] Darius the Persian lets Zorobabel rebuild the Temple 4. [75-119] Cutheans (Samaritans) oppose rebuilding of the Temple 5. [120-183] The goodwill of Xerxes. Ezra and Nehemiah continue the reconstruction 6. [184-296] Haman plots against the Jews. Esther and Mordecai; Feast of Purim 7. [297-303] Rivalry re high-priesthood. The harm done by Bagoses, a general of Artaxerxes 8. [304-347] Samaritan Temple, on Garizim. Alexander the Great & successors to his Kingdom
1. [1-10] Ptolemy takes Judea by a ruse. He transports many prisoners to Egypt 2. [11-118] Ptolemy Philadelphus has Bible translated. Also favours the Jews in other ways 3. [119-153] Jews prosper in the kingdoms of Asia Minor, and under Seleucus Nicator in Antioch 4. [154-236] Antiochus and Ptolemy agree. Jewish situation under Joseph and his son Hyrcanus 5. [237-264] Antiochus Epiphanes imposes Greek ways. Samaritan Temple is dedicated to Zeus 6. [265-286] Mattathias leads the Maccabean revolt against Antiochus Epiphanes 7. [287-326] Victories of Judah Maccabeus. Re-dedication of the Jerusalem Temple 8. [327-353] Victories of the Maccabees, Judah and his brother Simon 9. [354-388] Death of Antiochus Epiphanes. Eupator continues war on Judah, then makes peace 10. [389-419] Bacchides and Nicanor fail in Judah. Jewish pact of friendship with Rome 11. [420-434] Bacchides comes in greater force. Judah dies in battle against him
1. [1-34] Jonathan takes over the leadership. Continues war against Bacchides, with Simon's help 2. [35-61] Alexander Bala appoints Jonathan high priest, though Demetrius also courts him 3. [62-79] Friendship of Onias with Ptolemy Philometor. Temple like Jerusalem's, in Egypt 4. [80-130] Alexander reigns in Syria and honours Jonathan. Honoured too, by Demetrius 5. [131-186] Trypho wins Syria for Antiochus, son of Alexander. The embassies of Jonathan 6. [187-217] On Jonathan's death, Simon becomes general and high priest. War against Trypho 7. [218-229] Simon is treacherously murdered by his son-in-law, Ptolemy 8. [230-253] Hyrcanus becomes high priest and ejects Ptolemy; allies with Antiochus, after a war 9. [254-269] Hyrcanus' expedition against Syria. He makes a pact with the Romans 10. [270-300] Hyrcanus demolishes Samaria. He changes sides, from Sadducee to Pharisee 11. [301-319] Aristobulus cruel toward his mother and his brothers; kills Antigonus and dies 12. [320-347] King Alexander besieges Ptolemais & sides with with Cleopatra vs. Ptolemy 13. [348-376] Siding with Cleopatra, Alexander destroys Gaza & kills many rebel Jews 14. [377-386] Demetrius Eucerus defeats Alexander, then retreats. Many Jews killed by Alexander 15. [387-404] Antiochus "Dionysus" & Aretas raid Judea. Alexander's final advice to Alexandra 16. [405-432] With the Pharisees' support, Alexandra rules Judea for nine years
1. [1-18] Aristobulus as king. Antipater persuades Hyrcanus to flee to Aretas 2. [19-33] Aretas and Hyrcanus besiege Aristobulus. Scaurus relieves the siege. Death of Onias 3. [34-53] Aristobulus and Hyrcanus argue their claims; Pompey, sides with Hyrcanus 4. [54-79] Pompey captures Jerusalem. Beginning of Roman rule in Judea 5. [80-91] Scaurus in league with Aretas of Petra. Gabinius' treatment of Judea 6. [92-104] Aristobulus escapes from Rome but is sent back. Victories of Gabinius 7. [105-126] Crassus pillages the temple; killed by the Parthians. Cassius goes to Judea 8. [127-155] Jews join Julius Caesar in Egypt. Antipater honoured by Caesar and the Athenians 9. [156-184] Antipater appoints his sons Phasael and Herod. They rule Jerusalem and Galilee 10. [185-267] How the Romans honoured their Jewish allies 11. [268-296] Murders of Sextus & Julius Caesar; Cassius in Judea. Herod avenges his father 12. [297-323] Herod wins Judea from Antigonus & gains Mark Antony's friendship 13. [324-369] Antony makes Herod and Phasael tetrarchs. Parthians drive Herod to Masada 14. [370-393] Herod escapes to Egypt, then Rome. Antony makes him king of the Jews 15. [394-467] Herod returns to Judea, to defeat Antigonus and win the kingdom 16. [468-491] Herod marries Mariamne and takes Jerusalem. This ends Hasmonean rule in Judea
1. [1-10] Herod kills Antigonus' friends and sacks the city. Antigonus is beheaded by Antony 2. [11-38] Hyrcanus returns from Parthians to Herod. Alexandra hates the high priest, Ananelus 3. [39-87] Herod makes Aristobulus high priest, then has him murdered. Mariamne and Joseph 4. [88-107] Cleopatra comes to Judea, to be flattered and bribed by Herod 5. [108-160] Herod's war and conquest of Arabia. His interpretation of the great earthquake 6. [161-201] Herod kills Hyrcanus and confirmed as king by Caesar, whom he royally entertains 7. [202-266] Murders by Herod: Mariamne, Alexandra, various friends and the sons of Babbas 8. [267-298] Plot against Herod, for introducing foreign customs. He builds Sebaste and Caesarea 9. [299-341] Famine in Judea and Syria. Herod builds Greek-style cities 10. [342-379] Herod retains Caesar's goodwill. Description of Pharisees and Essenes 11. [380-425] Herod magnificently rebuilds the Temple. He builds the Antonia tower
1. [1-11] Herod's law against thieves. Mariamne's Sons are calumniated & endangered 2. [12-65] Herod sails to Agrippa, who avenges the Ionians against the Greeks 3. [66-86] Salome plots against Mariamne's sons. Herod prefers Antipater; they are enraged 4. [87-135] Herod accuses Mariamne's sons of disloyalty. Alexander's defence, reconciliation 5. [136-159] Herodian games, atcompletion of Caesarea-Sebaste. His magnificent building projects 6. [160-178] Some Jews appeal to Rome. They are supported by Caesar and Agrippa 7. [179-228] Herod's historian conceals his robbery of David's tomb. Family dissension grows 8. [229-270] Herod imprisons his son Alexander. Reconciled through Archelaus of Cappadocia 9. [271-299] Trachonitis revolts against Herod. Herod sends an advocate to Rome 10. [300-355] Further accusations of Herod's sons, by the Spartan, Eurycles 11. [356-404] Trial and condemnation of Herod's sons. Aristobulus and Alexander are executed
1. [1-22] Antipater bribes favour in Rome, and with the ruler of Syria. Herod's wives and children 2. [23-45] Plots against Herod, from Pharisees friendly with Pheroras' wife, revealed by Salome 3. [46-60] Herod tries to make Pheroras put away his wife. He sends his son Antipater to Caesar 4. [61-82] A plot to poison Herod is linked to his son Antipater 5. [83-145] Antipater is prosecuted and condemned to death. Caesar's judgment is awaited 6. [146-181] Herod falls ill and the crowd riot against his rule. He takes savage reprisals 7. [182-187] Herod thinks of suicide, but instead has Antipater killed 8. [188-205] Herod changes his Testament in favour of his three sons. His death and burial 9. [206-249] Rioting against Archelaus. Antipas goes to Rome for support, which Caesar grants 10. [250-298] A Rebellion against Rome is quelled by Varus 11. [299-323] Caesar confirms Herod's last testament 12. [324-338] Imposter claims Herod's succession. Unmasked by Caesar, and sent to the galleys 13. [339-355] Archelaus is accused of brutality, and banished by Caesar to Vienne
1. [1-25] Rome's Taxtion of Syria and Judea, under Cyrenius. Judah of Galilee. Jewish Sects 2. [26-54] Succession of priests and procurators. Royal succession among the Parthians 3. [55-84] Jewish rebellion vs Pontius Pilate. Execution of Jesus. State of the Jews in Rome 4. [85-108] Pilate kills Samaritan demonstrators. Tiberius sends Vitellius against the Parthians 5. [109-142] Herod Agrippa is defeated by Aretas of Arabia. Death of John the Baptist 6. [143-239] Herod Agrippa is imprisoned by Tiberius & released by Caligula 7. [240-256] Urged by Herodias, Herod Antipas makes a request and is banished by Caligula 8. [257-309] Gaius tries to have his statue erected. Intervention by Agrippa, to avoid revolt 9. [310-379] The disaster of the Jews at Nisibis, in Mesopotamia
1. [1-161] Caligula's Disgraceful Rule. His Assassination by Cherea and friends 2. [162-211] Senators seek the Return of the Republic. The Soldiers prefer Empire. Gaius' morals 3. [212-235] Claudius kidnapped by soldiers. The Senators try to bully him, but then submit to him 4. [236-273] Claudius avenges the murder of Gaius. Agrippa advises him how to gain the throne 5. [274-291] Claudius restores to Agrippa his grandfather's territory 6. [292-316] Agrippa shows favour to Jerusalem. Petronius deals with the young idolators of Doris 7. [317-337] Silas' claims. Agrippa builds a new wall around Jerusalem, and favours Berytus 8. [338-353] Final acts of Agrippa, and his mysterious death in Caesarea, for blasphemy 9. [354-366] After Agrippa's death, Claudius sets Cuspius Fadus as procurator of Judea
1. [1-16] Philadelphians against the Jews. Priestly Vestments; the High Priestly succession 2. [17-53] Helena, queen of Adiabene and Izates her son embrace Judaism 3. [54-74] Artabanus of Parthia is reinstated in government by Izates 4. [75-96] Izates is opposed by his subjects. Providence saves him from death 5. [97-117] Revolt of Theudas and Judah of Galilee. Bloodshed at Passover 6. [118-136] The Jews clash with the Samaritans. Claudius forces them to make peace 7. [137-147] Felix procurator of Judea. His love for Agrippa's sisters, Drusilla and Berenice 8. [148-196] Nero succeeds Claudius; his corrupt rule. Discontent in Judea, under Felix and Festus 9. [197-223] James the brother of Jesus is killed. The achievements of young Agrippa 10. [224-251] List of the high priests: from Aaron to more recent times 11. [252-268] The cruelties of Gessius Florus bring on the revolt. Conclusion of the work |
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1. Family, education
and early manhood of Josephus 2. Beginnings of the Jewish revolt against
Rome 3. Factions among the Galilean rebels 4. Josephus as peaceful defender of Galilee 5. Risks run by Josephus, for the sake of
justice 6. Josephus's intentions are misunderstood 7. His strength and resourcefulness as a
leader 8. His strong leadership, in Galilee 9. He foils several plots to remove him
from power 10. He defeats his opponents and grants
them amnesty 11. His efforts to spare Sepphoris and Tiberias 12. Siege of Sepphoris; he fights the Romans 13. Capture by Vespasian; later career in
Rome
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02. The Sacred Records of the Jews [028-046] 03. Josephus' own historical writings [047-059] 04. The unique Jewish lifestyle [060-072] 05. Early Jews in Egyptian records [073-105] 06. In Phoenician and other records [106-127] 07. In Chaldean and Persian sources [128-160] 08. Greek authors who mention the Jews [161-212] 09. Authors who suppress or calumniate the Jews [213-226] 10. The Hebrews were no "Leprous People" [227-278] 11. Distorted depictions of Moses [279-287] 12. The fictions of Chaeremon [288-303] 13. Anti-Jewish forgeries of Lysimachus [304-320] 01. Anti-Jewish writings of Apion the grammarian 02. Apion's unfounded claims about Moses 03. Apion tells lies, and is ignorant too 04. In defence of religious separatism 05. The libel about the Greek, fattened for sacrifice 06. Fables about Mnaseas, and the anti-Greek Oath 07. Our lowly status does not disprove our religion 08. Spirit and content of the Mosaic Law 09. Jewish unity and constancy, based on solid Law 10. Laws of our society: marriage, family, justice] 11. Our laws are the most firmly observed 12. Pagan pantheon leads to mutable legal system 13. Separatism is not unique to the Jews 14. Jewish law should be admired by all men of goodwill
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